Screw-driver.



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F. H. WHITE.

SCREW DRIVER. APPLICATION FILED Aus.3o. IBI?.

PanfedAug. 13, 1918.

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I' Specification of Letters Patent.

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Application filed August 310,191?. serial No. 159,024.

.To all whom t may concern:

Be it known that l, FREDERICK H. WHITE,

l a citizen of the United States, residing at New York city, in the county of New yYork and State of New York, have invented a certain new and useful llmprovement in Screw-Drivers, of which the following is a specification.

My invention. relates to screw drivers adapted to engage the screw and thus vhold 1t in place while itis being positioned. The object of the invention is to produce a device of this character which shall be simple in construction and efficient in action. lin carrying out the invention in its present form, l have made the blade in two parts one of which is movable relatively to the other and have beveled them in such man-- ner that" when separated they will readily enter the kerf or slot in the head of the screw 'and when subsequently brought together will produce a wedging action upon the inner in which:

Figure 1 is l a side view chiedyin full elevation showing the complete device.

Fig. 2 `is a side view illustrating the tool in action, the controlling sleeve being shown in axial section.

v blade 4 by a pin 6 or equivalent device. lln

Fig 3 is a cross section on the line 3-3, Fig.

Fig. 4 is across section on the line 4 4,

rig. 2.

Fig. 5 is a perspective of thechief coperating parts. v

Similar numerals lrefer to similar parts throughout the several views. lln the form selected to illustrate the invention, the tool has a handle 1 of any sutable shape. Rigidly fastened to` it is a shank -2 consisting preferably of a round steel rod, as in ordinary screw drivers. At the point or acting endof the tool there are two blades, 4, 5, the blade 5 being pivoted to the usual form the pin 6` is riveted over at the ends to hold the parts in position, as

illustrated in detail in Fig. 3. The blade 4 is an integral part of the shank 2 and is cut away to accommodate blade -4 in such inanner that the two blades form complements of each other and 'together composethe acting point of the tool. 'lhese blades are datthe blades spread, as shown in Figs. 1 and,

5. lln 'the present case the said spring is fastened to the inner surface of the pivoted blade 5 and engages the bottom'of a notch or counter-sink 8 formed in the edge of blade 4. This enables the sleeve 10 to clear the spring when slid to acting position as illustrated in Fig. 2.

Sleeve 10, just mentioned, is slidable upon shank 2 and Heres at the outer end 11 to render it smooth in its action upon blade 5. llt

has a knurled boss 12 I1t its inner end tol l facilitate manipulation bythe fingers of the this condition. lle then slides the sleeve 10 outwardly along shank 2, thus bringing the pivoted blade 5 into alinement withthe liXedv blade, which has the edect of `moving the outer surfaces of the blade toward and into engagement with the inner walls of the the agency of the sliding sleeve. It will be noted that the travel of the sleeve in bringing the blades to juxtaposition, or closed p0-v sitlon, is much greater than the movement of the blades in moving from spread to closed position, and hence the holding power is multiplied, that is to say, the pressure of the blades upon the sides of the slotis greater than tli'e pressure exertcdby the user upon, the sleeve. hUf course the sleeve travels farther than the pivoted blade, but the in-` tensity of pressure required on the part of vthe user is less than the intensity of pressure operator readily creates a frictional engagement between the blades' and the screw which is abundantly suiiicient to hold the.`

screw in alinement while it is being positioned or started in the work.

This tool is of great advantage in places where there is no roomv for the operator to hold his hand upon the screw when the screw is entering the work. But the tool is advantageous in a-wide variety of situations, for the hand which usually must be devoted to holding the screw, is free to be put to other purposes. come into alinement with each other or have approximately reached this position, the friction between'the blades and the sleeve will be suiiicient to prevent the action of the blades from, themselves sliding the sleeve backward, hence the sleeve will maintain its position and the blade may be said to be locked iny acting position. Furthermore, the sleeve forms a housing for the blades or for the major portion of them when in acting l position as shown in Fig. 2,'- and hence there is no danger that contact with external 'objects will cause the parts to become accidentally movedto a position where' the screw will be released. l In other words, the tooll is self-locking and`is well protected against accidental unlocking.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. A screw driver having relatively movable blades adapted to enter the screw slot, one blade being slidable upon the other upon ayplaneoblique to the external acting surfaces of the blades.

2. A screw driver havingtwo complementary blades each of substantiallyV the full widthpf the tool at its acting end, one blade lbein vmovable in the plane of the width relatively to the other, and so arranged that,

said movement in one direction causes movement in the direction of its thickness, and means for holding said blades relatively nonmovable.

3. A screw driver having a stationary blade and a complementary blade ivoted lthereto, thes pivoted blade being s idable upon the stationary blade upon a plane oblique to the external acting surfaces of the tool, and means for sliding one of said blades upon the other upon said oblique plane.

4. A l screw driver having two acting When the blades have.,A

y means 4for normall acting surfaces of the tool,ad a spring fastened to one blade and pressing upon the other to normally hold them spread, and a sleeve slidable lengthwise of the blades, one of the blades being countersunkto receive the spring, whereby the sleeve may slip over the spring without engaging it.

6. A screw driver having a shank rigidly fastened to the handle, the outer end of the shank being iattened to form a blade, a movable blade pivoted to the shank and forming a complement to the stationary blade, means for normally holding the blades spread, and a sleeve slidable upon said shank and over the major portion of said blades for bringingthem into alinement.

7 A screw driver having a shank rigidly fastened to the handle, the outer end of the shank being attened to form a blade, a movable blade pivoted to the shank and movable in the plane of its width and formin a complement to the stationary blade, where y movement in the plane of its width causes movement in the direction of its thickness. means for normallholding the blades spread, and a sleeve s idable upon said shank and overthe major portion ofy said blades for bringing them into alinement, said sleeve havinga Haring outer end to facilitate its action.

8. A screw driver having a shank rigidly fastenedto the handle, the outer end of the shank being iattened to form a blade, a movable blade pivoted to the shank and movable in the plane of its width and forming a complement to the stationary blade, whereby movement in the plane of its width causes movementA in the direction of its thickness, holding the blades spread, and a sleeve s idable upon said shank and over. the major portion of said blades for` bringing them into alinement, said sleeve 

